Monthly afternoon service: Penal substitution

We held our monthly afternoon service this past Sunday. We have intentionally tried to make them different to the morning service. Our usual format is to watch a video, break into small groups (led by someone able to teach) and discuss some related questions followed by a plenary feedback session to roundup the discussions.

This month, we considered Penal Substitution. Here is what we did:

  1. Why is Penal Substitution absolutely necessary for the gospel?
    1. Isa 53:4-6; Joh 10:11-18; Rom 3:23-26; 1Pe 2:24, 3:18
  2. Was the Father angry with Jesus on the cross?
    1. Mat 27:45-47; Joh 19:30; Rom 5:8; Eph 2:3; Gal 3:13; 2 Cor 5:21
  3. What difference does our answer to question 2 make to our Christian life?
  1. Does Penal Substitution have wider explanatory power than other religious models of salvation? If so, how and why?
  2. Why does rejecting Penal Substitution lead us into works righteousness?
  3. In what ways does this help in our discussions with people from different religious backgrounds? What does Penal Substitution achieve that no other model can offer?